Day 2 :
Keynote Forum
Ramakrishna Pidaparti
Wipro Technologies, USA
Keynote: Evolving towards using real world data and reall world evidence for regulatory decisions
Time : 10:00-10:40
Biography:
Abstract:
TBA
Keynote Forum
Dilip Ghosh
Nutriconnect, Australia
Keynote: Phytopharmaceuticals: An emerging platform in modern medicine
Time : 10:00-10:40
Biography:
Abstract:
A comprehensive review to be presented which shows the plant kingdom as an almost inexhaustible reservoir of potential drugs. The longstanding, successful use of herbal drug combinations in traditional medicine makes it necessary to find a rationale for the pharmacological and therapeutic superiority of many of them in comparison to isolated single constituents. As a result a new category, “Phytopharmaceutical” has emerged in several countries. There are many definitions but the core essence is “Phytopharmaceutical drug includes purified and standardised fraction with defined minimum four bio-active or phytochemical compounds (qualitatively and quantitatively assessed) of an extract of a medicinal plant or its part, for internal or external use of human beings or animals for diagnosis, treatment, mitigation or prevention of any disease or disorder but does not include administration by parental route” (CDSCO, Govt of India, 2016). In last decade we have seen the sluggish growth of Herbal/ Ayurvedic products and decrease in Pharma R&D output in terms of reduction in number of NCEs and increasing cost of new drug discovery. Current allopathic practice is unable to meet the unmet needs of multicomponent drug for multi target diseases. A number of problems, such as usefulness of RCTs in herbal medicine which are connected with the search for new prototype drugs of biological origin is also described. Special attention will be given on role of natural products in therapy; as biologically active compounds as such, as starting materials for (semi)synthetic drugs and, also as source of inspiration or as models for the synthesis of new drugs with better therapeutic, chemical or physical properties than the original compounds.
Keynote Forum
Sadish Kumar Shanmugam
ITS College of Pharmacy, India
Keynote: Bioactive compounds from Gelidiella acerosa, a red alga
Time : 10:40-11:20
Biography:
Presently, Dr. S. Sadish Kumar is the Director of I.T.S College of Pharmacy, Ghaziabad, India. He has been working as a Professor since 2010. He has over 2 decades of Research and Teaching experience.
He is a member of various professional bodies including Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC), UK. He has published 2 books, 30 research articles & presented research papers at conferences held in South Korea, USA, Germany & Egypt and guided over 30 MPharm research projects in Marine and other natural products, guiding PhD projects as well.
His biography has been cited in Marquis Who’s Who in Medicine & Healthcare. He has been selected and commemorated for International Einstein Award for Scientific achievement, International Health Professional of the year to mention a few. His research thirst on Marine algae is widely noted.
Abstract:
Algal resources have a tremendous potential to be explored for the benefits of the mankind. Gelidiella acerosa is a genus of Red algae (Family: Gelidiellaceae) with high economic value found in many parts of India. As Gelidiella acerosa is used in the production of high quality agar, reported to possess a variety of phytoconstituents including Flavonoids, Alkaloids, Tannins, Proteins, Sulfated polysaccharides, Sulfono glycolipid, Sesquiterpenes, Monoterpenes, Phenols and various pharmacological activities, prompted us to investigate on this red alga with its hexane, ethyl acetate and methanolic extracts.
Among the extracts, methanolic extract of Gelidiella acerosa exhibited the highest percentage of free radical scavenging activity (68.42%) by Invitro DPPH assay which was comparable to that of the standard Ascorbic acid (76.55%). Methanolic extract also possessed the highest anti-inflammatory potential followed by ethyl acetate and hexane extracts in the Carrageenan induced paw edema and Cotton pellet induced granuloma models and it was found to be significant at p<0.001. The percentage inhibition was found to be 64.60% when compared to the standard, Diclofenac sodium (70.45%) at 10mg/kg concentration.
The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of methanolic extract could be attributed to the highest amount of Flavonoid and Phenolic content, which were estimated to be 48.5 mg/g Quercetin and 34.34 mg/g Gallic acid equivalent respectively. Further investigations should be carried out to discover other potential phytoconstituents and pharmacological activities of G. acerosa.
- Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry | Pharmacy Education and Practice
Location: Mercure Melbourne Albert Park
Session Introduction
Godfrey Habil Mudhune
Western Sydney University, Australia
Title: Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) in menopause: exploring the relationship between breast cancer risk factors and patterns of use amongst women in Queensland
Time : 11:40-12:10
Biography:
Godfrey Habil Mudhune is an epidemiologist, pharmacist and certified pharmacovigilance professional. He completed his Doctor of Pharmacy (PharmD) from the University of Nairobi and postgraduate studies at James Lind Institute, Singapore and the Western Sydney University, Australia.
He is a researcher at the Western Sydney University’s Translational Health Research Institute and an independent research consultant in several projects. His research interests are in cancer epidemiology and pharmacoepidemiology.
Abstract:
Background: The use of menopausal hormone replacement therapy in Australia declined by 55% from 2001 to 2005 following the publication of the Women’s Health Inititive trial findings, which highlighted an increased risk of breast cancer (Velentzis et al., 2016). In 2010, an estimated 539 cancers in Australia were attributable to menopausal hormone therapy, 453 breast (3.4%), 67 endometrial (3.1%) and 19 ovarian cancers (1.6%) (Jordan et al., 2015). It was further estimated that if 25% less women used hormone therapy 141 cancers would be prevented and the sole use of estrogen only products would prevent 240 cancers.
Aim: To explore the relationship between the use of menopausal hormone therapy and pre-exiting non-modifiable breast cancer risk factors; personal or family history, early menarche or low parity. It was based on analysis of questionnaire data collected by the BreastScreen Queensland programme.
Results: A positive personal history of breast cancer did not significantly influence the use of HRT, OR 1.117 (95% CI, 0.8945 – 1.3930), p=0.3274. However, women with a positive family history of breast cancer were less likely to have used any HRT compared to those with no family history, OR 0.8528 (95% CI, 0.7635 – 0.9526), p=0.00478. No significant difference in HRT use was noted between mothers and non-mothers, OR 1.101 (95% CI, 0.9702-1.2490), p=0.1360.
Conclusion: Of the examined non-modifiable breast cancer risk factors, only a family history influenced the use of HRT. The pre-existence of non-modifiable breast cancer risk factors has a minimal effect on the pattern of HRT use amongst women in Queensland.
Saraswathi Sompaga
Osmania University, Australia
Title: Organic extracts of Pelargonium graveolens L´Her and in silico docking studies
Time : 12:10-12:40
Biography:
Saraswathi Sompaga is a Ph.D. research scholar in Biotechnology and Genetics from Osmania University. She has completed her M.Sc. in Biotechnology and B.Sc. Gold Medalist from Osmania University. Her research work is mainly focused on Phytochemistry, Biotechnology, Oncology and Bioinformatics. She has published 4 research papers in peer review national and International journals and she has worked as Assistant Professor for graduates and under graduate students.
Abstract:
Pelargonium graveolens is a well-known medicinal plant for essential oil and has therapeutic value in the treatment of diarrhea, dysentery, fever, respiratory tract infections, liver complaints, wounds, gastroenteritis, hemorrhage and bladder disorders. The objective of this study is to evaluate organic extracts of P. graveolens and its anti-cancer activity and docking studies. P. graveolens dry powder was extracted in different organic solvents through two conventional methods Maceration and Soxhlet to show the efficient method for non-volatile compounds and organic extracts purity characterized based on elution peaks of HPLC and FTIR spectrometric analysis. Among organic extracts, ethyl acetate and methanol showed significant values in Total phenolic content, anti-oxidant, anti-bacterial and anti-cancer activity. HeLa cell lines were cultured under sterile conditions and treated with varied concentrations of organic extracts and they showed the most significant IC50 values in methanol (149.4+0.3) and ethyl acetate (146.4±0.2) of soxhlet extract were as (114.9± 0.5) and (131.9 ±0.3) of maceration extract. GC-MS analysis ethyl acetate extract (Soxhlet) identified 25 non-volatile compounds and 1HNMR peaks eluated in between δ 0.67 0 to δ 8.134 were indicating the presence of aromatic rings structures. Bioinformatics molecular virtual docking study showed the potential non-volatile compounds interactions with HPV E6 protein. The study concludes P. graveolens organic extracts shows the anti-cancer activity and does poses active non-volatile compounds.
Biography:
Ronnell John R Gonzales is from Philippines.
Abstract:
Natural colorants are used in the coloration of food, handicraft items, toys, textiles and in leather processing. Many of the color-yielding plants are used as medicines in various traditional medicinal systems. Interest for natural colorants has increased dramatically worldwide due to the awareness of possible toxicity that can be caused by modern synthetic dyes. Synthetic colors have been banned in certain countries due to allergic and carcinogenic symptoms that they can cause. More eco-friendly colorants are now being developed to replace synthetic dyes which can be toxic and hazardous to health. Thus, the researchers wanted to study natural colorants from three botanical sources namely, Areca carechu, Bixa orellana and Hibiscus rosa-sinensis as possible alternative for the commercially used Food, Drug and Cosmetic colorant, Allura Red. UV-Vis Spectrometry was used to measure the transmittance of the samples which were used to obtain their CIELAB values and to compare the colorants quantitatively. Natural colorant from Areca catechu, Bixa orellana, and Hibiscus rosa-sinensis mean L* values were 21.6097, 44.3664 and 19.0708 respectively; mean a* values were 89.2146, 65.3665 and 69.7741 respectively; and mean b* values were 99.0016, 110.3789 and 21.6674 respectively. These results revealed that the natural colorants from Areca catechu, Bixa orellana, and Hibiscus rosa-sinensis all fall within the dark, red and yellow spectra of colors. Using One Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), it was found out that both the natural colorants from A. catechu and B. orellana yielded p-values of 0.042 and 0.024 respectively. These are both lower than the level of significance at µ 0.05 which means that there is a significant difference between the combined CIELAB values for color characterization of the natural colorants obtained from A. catechu and B. orellana to that of Allura Red. Thus it can be inferred that they can’t be utilized and further studied as possible alternative colorants to Allura Red. Only H. rosa-sinensis yielded a p-value of 0.641 that is greater than the level of significance at µ 0.05. This means that there is no significant difference between the combined CIELAB values for color characterization of the natural colorant obtained from Hibiscus rosa-sinensis to that of the standard, Allura Red making it a potential alternative. It can also be inferred through such data that among the three natural colorants that were analyzed in this study, the natural colorant from H. rosa-sinensis is the closest to Allura Red in term of combined color characteristics.
Donghua Cao
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
Title: Trichiliasinenoids A-C, three novel 6,7-secomexicanolide limonoids with a 7,29-linkage from Trichilia sinensis
Biography:
Cao Donghua is a PhD candidate from Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences. Her Research Interest lies at the crossroads of chemistry and biology, and endeavors to discover novel active natural products from medicinal plant. She has published 3 papers in reputed journals
Abstract:
Meliaceous limonoids, characteristic chemical markers of the Meliaceae family, are natural products with both fascinating structures and potential bioactivities that have attracted interest from both natural products chemists and synthetic chemists in the past half century. As part of a continuing search for structurally interesting and biologically important limonoids from the Meliaceae family, the leaves and twigs of Trichilia sinensis collected from Xishuangbanna, Yunnan province of China were investigated. Trichilia sinensis Bentv, a shrub, is native to the south of China and Vietnam, and it has traditional applications for the treatment of several diseases such as abdominal pain caused by Ascaris lumbricoides, chronic osteomyelitis, scabies, and eczema in folk medicine. The three novel rearranged mexicanolide-type limonoids (Trichiliasinenoids A-C) with an unprecedented C-29-C-7 connecting carbon skeleton formed by migration of C-7 from C-6 to C-29 of a mexicanolide-type limonoid precursor were isolated from the leaves and twigs of Trichilia sinensis. Their structures were assigned by spectroscopic analysis, and the absolute conï¬gurations were determined by X-ray crystallography and CD calculation. A possible biosynthetic pathway of Trichiliasinenoids A was also proposed. The three new limonoids were evaluated for their cytotoxic activity against human myeloid leukaemia (HL-60), hepatocellular carcinoma (SMMC-7721), lung cancer (A-549), breast cancer (MCF-7), and colon cancer (SW480) cell lines by MTS assay. Trichiliasinenoid B showed cytotoxicity against HL-60 cells, SMMC-7721 with an IC50 value of 5.2 mM and 30.6 mM, respectively, whereas other limonoids were inactive and comparable to the cisplatin positive control (IC50: 1.1–17.3 m M).
Ji Hyun Park
Ewha Womans University College of Pharmacy, South Korea
Title: Incidence and risk factors associated with venous thromboembolism in spine surgery using national representative patient sample in Korea
Biography:
Ji Hyun Park is working in Ewha Womans University College of Pharmacy at Seoul in South Korea.
Abstract:
Objective: This study aimed to identify the incidence of risk factors and the utilization of thromboprophylaxis for perioperative venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients undergoing spine surgery using National Health Insurance claims data in Korea.
Methods: The incidence of VTE in adult patients with spine surgery was extracted from 2014 National Inpatient Sample dataset provided by the Health Insurance Review & Assessment Service (HIRA-NIS-2014), a sample of all patients using medical services in Korea. The association of patient and surgery procedure variables, including VTE prophylaxis were determined with multivariable logistic regression
Results: In 2014, total incidence of VTE was found to be 1.5% (314) among 20,900 spine surgeries in Korea. Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified several independent predictors of VTE, including age over 80, length of stay (over 10 days), vein diseases, cancer, prolonged surgery (over 2 hours), perioperative blood transfusion (over 2 liters), cardiovascular diseases, and respiratory diseases. Only 5.7% of total spine surgeries is provided with VTE prophylaxis.
Conclusion: Patients undergoing spine surgery in Korea represent a population at a higher risk for VTE, however, relatively less concerned by care providers. Understanding the risk factors associated with perioperative VTE in spine surgery may provide an opportunity for early intervention and risk stratification in this population.
Biography:
Anteneh Assefa Kebede has completed his MSc in Pharmaceutics from Addis Ababa University, the premium university in the country, and B.Pharm from University of Gondar, College of Medical Sciences. He is now serving as a lecturer in the department of Pharmacy, college of Medical and Health Sciences, Wachemo University, which is a government University. Currently he is serving as the dean of the school of Pharmacy. The two names mentioned above are my supervising professors during the research work.
Abstract:
Starch is the most commonly used pharmaceutical disintegrant in tablet formulations. The aim of the present study was to assess the disintegrant property of Ethiopian potato (Plectranthus edulis) starch in comparison to Irish potato starch and its optimization in paracetamol tablets formulations - prepared by wet granulation method. Tablet properties such as crushing strength, friability, disintegration time, and dissolution rate of the tablets were studied for both comparison and optimization studies. The results of comparative study showed that the properties of paracetamol tablets formulated with both starches as disintegrants were affected by their concentration and the compression force (CF); and P. edulis starch exhibited a favorably comparable disintegrant property with Irish potato starch in paracetamol tablet formulations. The study also showed that the CF and disintegrant concentration had significantly affected the response variables (i.e., the crushing strength, friability and disintegration time); hence, these factors were further optimized using central composite statistical design. The optimal conditions were obtained at a CF of 14.40 KN and disintegrant concentration of 5.96%. Under these conditions, the crushing strength, friability and disintegration time were 101.8 KN, 0.3% and 1.34 min, respectively. These values closely matched with the predicted values of the responses at the aforementioned levels of the factors. Thus, the results of this study indicated that Ethiopian potato (P. edulis) can be used as an alternative source of starch for its application as a disintegrant in the tablet formulations.